Participants

Its indicate decades try M = 32.7; SD = , decades ranged out-of 18 to 69 years. All of the people volunteered to take part in the analysis through to told agree, and don’t found compensation (monetary or else) for their participation. All tests demonstrated throughout the papers were authorized by the Integrity Committee of your Jagiellonian University Institute regarding Used Psychology

Material and you can Process

We made use of a similarity wisdom activity such as into the Vigliocco et al. (2005), which contains to provide people that have triads from nouns. The newest nouns forming the triads belonged to just one out-of three categories: abstract nouns (age.grams., construction, time), words making reference to inanimate objects and you will words discussing pet. For each triad consisted of nouns from just one classification, we.age., dogs were not blended with inanimate things and you may/otherwise abstract ideas. The entire list of stimulus are displayed inside Appendix dos.

For every triad contained a few nouns of the identical grammatical gender (a few feminine otherwise a few male) and another noun of some other grammatical gender. Consequently for every single triad had either the fresh MMF framework (a few masculine conditions and something women term) otherwise FFM framework (a few feminine terms and another masculine term) – inside the randomized order. The latest nouns building the new triad belonged to 1 from about three categories: 16 abstract nouns, such as: big date (M within the Gloss), function (F in the Gloss); sixteen inanimate items, such as for example: trick (M), needle (F); several words referring to animals, Sioux Falls, SD female such as: bison (M), zebra (F). As well as feel noted, we utilized a lot fewer animals (12). So it resulted regarding fact that i implemented strict selection criteria. First of all, they certainly were animal brands which have a certain grammatical gender, however, of them that do not suggest the fresh new physical sex of your animal, which means exact same keyword refers to both male and you will feminine of brand of animal. Including the words lew (lion) and lwica (lioness) would-be averted, while they obviously indicate this new animal’s biological gender, limiting the stimuli in order to terms and conditions particularly zyrafa (hence suggests both a men and women giraffe). Secondly, i selected pet that don’t provides unique keeps which could getting an obvious standard for buying a couple of things into the a triad (e.g., in the event that a few animals originated from Africa plus one in the Arctic Community, then your host to provider can potentially feel a good traditional having categorization). Similarly, in the event that there had been a couple of mammals and something reptile from the triad, following this may become the criterion of choice. Therefore we picked pets and that most of the belonged for the sounding exotic actually-toed ungulates. The selection standards was this new similarity in features, choices additionally the habitat of your own pets. With other sorts of nouns, i used a comparable rule. As such, i avoided points in which a couple of belongings in good triad would have a glaring well-known element, which will be made use of because the a great categorization standard. Another type of inclusion requirement was highest term need regularity, in order to avoid a far more thoughtful data of your own definition of one’s conditions that will happen to own unfamiliar nouns, that will lead to a mindful accessibility grammatical gender whenever conducting the work (like I don’t know the fresh new definitions of terms and conditions however they are both feminine).

We made use of counterbalancing to make certain that other keyword combinations was made use of. Triads was in fact developed having fun with all of the you’ll be able to around three-noun combos (which have repetitions) contained in this for every class, yielding 153 triads getting abstract nouns and you can artifacts for each and every, and you can 91 triads to possess dogs. Out-of this type of readily available triads, we composed 7 kits towards the conceptual conditions and you can artifacts (64 triads for every) and you can 4 sets to own animals (45 triads for every). In case there is pet there had been less groups of triads, given that a lot fewer terms and conditions introduced the new rigorous selection process described significantly more than (six male gender terminology and you may six female gender conditions).